Here’s a table for the 80th to 100th Amendments of the Indian Constitution, with year, subject, and a brief explanation.
Here’s a table for the 80th to 100th Amendments of the Indian Constitution, with year, subject, and a brief explanation.
| Amendment No. | Year | Key Subject / Provision | Expanded Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 80th | 2000 | Alternative Scheme of Sharing Taxes | Implemented recommendations of the 10th Finance Commission, replacing the system of sharing income tax with a system of sharing the net proceeds of all central taxes between the Union and States. |
| 81st | 2000 | Reservation in Promotions | Allowed unfilled reserved vacancies for SCs and STs to be carried forward without the 50% ceiling limit, specifically for promotions in government services. |
| 82nd | 2000 | Relaxation of Qualifying Marks for SC/STs | Permitted relaxation in qualifying marks and standards for promotion for SC/ST candidates in government jobs. |
| 83rd | 2000 | Reservation in Panchayats (Arunachal Pradesh) | Provided reservation for Scheduled Tribes in Panchayats in Arunachal Pradesh. |
| 84th | 2001 | Delimitation of Constituencies | Allowed readjustment of seats and constituencies based on the 1991 census without altering the total number of seats until 2026. |
| 85th | 2001 | Consequential Seniority for SC/STs | Granted consequential seniority in promotions to SC/ST candidates with retrospective effect from 1995. |
| 86th | 2002 | Right to Education | Made education a fundamental right for children aged 6–14 years (Article 21-A) and modified the Directive Principles (Article 45). |
| 87th | 2003 | Delimitation Based on 2001 Census | Updated readjustment of parliamentary and assembly constituencies using the 2001 census. |
| 88th | 2003 | Service Tax in Constitution | Introduced Article 268A to empower the Union to levy service tax and share it with states. |
| 89th | 2003 | NCST and NCSC Separation | Bifurcated the National Commission for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes into two separate commissions—NCSC and NCST. |
| 90th | 2003 | Representation in Assam Assembly | Ensured representation for the Bodoland Territorial Areas District in the Assam Legislative Assembly. |
| 91st | 2003 | Anti-Defection & Size of Council of Ministers | Limited size of the Council of Ministers to 15% of the House strength and tightened anti-defection provisions. |
| 92nd | 2003 | Bodo, Dogri, Maithili & Santhali Added | Added four new languages to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution. |
| 93rd | 2005 | Reservation in Private Educational Institutions | Allowed reservation for socially and educationally backward classes, SCs, and STs in private unaided educational institutions (except minority institutions). |
| 94th | 2006 | Bihar Legislature Composition | Removed the provision for a Legislative Council in Bihar (later re-established). |
| 95th | 2009 | Reservation for SC/ST in Lok Sabha & Assemblies | Extended reservation of seats for SC/ST in legislatures for another ten years (till 2020). |
| 96th | 2011 | Odisha Language Name Change | Changed the spelling of the Oriya language in the Eighth Schedule to “Odia.” |
| 97th | 2011 | Co-operative Societies | Gave constitutional status to co-operative societies and added Part IXB to regulate them. |
| 98th | 2012 | Special Provisions for Karnataka Tribunals | Empowered the state of Karnataka to set up separate judicial and administrative tribunals. |
| 99th | 2014 | National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC) | Replaced the collegium system for appointing judges with the NJAC (later struck down by Supreme Court in 2015). |
| 100th | 2015 | India–Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement | Enabled exchange of certain enclaves between India and Bangladesh to settle the boundary dispute. |
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