Jainism in Bihar – A Journey Through Sacred Footsteps


Jainism in Bihar – A Journey Through Sacred Footsteps

Bihar holds a special place in the spiritual geography of India. While it is widely known as the land of Lord Buddha’s enlightenment, it is equally significant in the history of Jainism. Many Tirthankaras, including Lord Mahavira, walked this soil, meditated under its trees, and preached the path of non-violence and truth. From birthplaces to places of Nirvana, Bihar offers a profound journey for followers and seekers of Jain philosophy.

1. Vaishali – The Birthplace of Lord Mahavira

Vaishali, an ancient city and once the capital of the Licchavi republic, is revered as the birthplace of Lord Mahavira, the 24th and last Tirthankara of Jainism. Born in Kundalpur village near Vaishali in 599 BCE, Mahavira spent his early years here before renouncing worldly life at the age of 30. Today, Kundalpur is a major pilgrimage center with temples, stupas, and parks dedicated to Mahavira’s life. The Mahavira Janmasthal is the most important site here.

2. Pawapuri – The Place of Nirvana

Pawapuri, located in Nalanda district, is among the holiest Jain sites as it marks the place where Lord Mahavira attained Nirvana (Moksha) in 527 BCE. The famous Jal Mandir (Temple in Water) stands in the middle of a lotus-filled tank, symbolizing purity and peace. According to tradition, after Mahavira’s cremation, the demand for his ashes was so great that all the soil around the funeral site was removed, creating the water tank we see today. Pawapuri also houses Samosharan Mandir, believed to be the place where Mahavira delivered his last sermons.

3. Rajgir – The Land of Samosharan

Rajgir, nestled in the hills of Nalanda district, was an important center for both Buddhism and Jainism. It is believed that Lord Mahavira spent many chaturmas (monsoon retreats) here. The Samosharan Hill is sacred to Jains as the site where Mahavira gave sermons to thousands, including humans, animals, and celestial beings. Rajgir also has ancient Jain caves such as Swarna Bhandar Caves, linked to Jain monastic traditions.

4. Lachhuar – Mahavira’s Childhood Place

Located in Jamui district, Lachhuar is considered the maternal home of Lord Mahavira’s mother. It is believed that Mahavira spent a part of his childhood here. The site houses a large Jain temple with a magnificent idol of Mahavira and serves as a stop for pilgrims heading towards Kundalpur and Pawapuri.

5. Champapuri – The Nirvana of Vasupujya

Champapuri in Bhagalpur district is sacred as the place where Lord Vasupujya, the 12th Tirthankara, attained Nirvana. Ancient Jain texts mention Champapuri as a flourishing center of learning and spirituality. Today, a grand temple complex stands here, drawing devotees from across the country.

6. Kundalpur – The Village of Mahavira’s Birth

Close to Vaishali, Kundalpur is specifically identified as the exact birthplace of Mahavira. It is distinct from the Kundalpur in Nalanda district (associated more with Buddhism). A serene temple, lush gardens, and sacred ponds make it a peaceful spiritual stop.

7. Gunawan Ji – Meditation Place of Lord Mahavira

Located in Nawada district, Gunawan Ji is believed to be a site where Lord Mahavira meditated and preached. It is surrounded by natural beauty, making it an ideal destination for pilgrims seeking tranquility.

8. Other Significant Jain Sites in Bihar

  • Masarh (near Arrah) – Believed to have links to Mahavira’s journey after renunciation.
  • Sikandra (Jamui district) – Houses temples and is associated with Jain pilgrimage routes.
  • Patna Museum – Preserves several Jain artifacts, inscriptions, and statues dating back to ancient Magadh.

Conclusion

Bihar’s Jain heritage is not just about temples and monuments; it is a living testimony to the ideals of ahimsa (non-violence), satya (truth), and aparigraha (non-possession) taught by the Tirthankaras. From Vaishali’s birth soil to Pawapuri’s serene waters, every site narrates a chapter of spiritual awakening. Pilgrimage through these sacred places is both a historical journey and a path to inner peace.


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